IO, Jakarta – To cut the continuous increase in the number of positive COVID-19 cases, the government has declared a large-scale social restriction policy (PSBB), starting Friday 10 April 2020, with Jakarta as an example. PSBB is a limitation of certain activities of the population in an area suspected of being infected with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in such a way as to deter the possibility of its spread. Not just any region can set a PSBB. Some criteria must be met including the number of cases and/or the number of deaths due to the increase of disease that has spread significantly and quickly through several regions. There are epidemiological links with similar events in other regions or countries.
What’s more, but the regions implementing PSBB also have to close schools and workplaces, impose restrictions on religious gatherings, and restrict events in public facilities. However, these restrictions do not apply to certain services, such as those selling food, as well as health and financial services. Restrictions are also excluded for health services, markets, shops, supermarkets, and health facilities.
Jakarta Governor Anies Baswedan said that the implementation of PSBB in Jakarta will be valid Friday (10/04/2020) and extend until Thursday, April 23, 2020. The PSBB will be valid for the next 14 days and can be extended as needed. “Related to the validity period. This applies from tomorrow 10 April to 23 April 2020,” Anies said in a press conference at City Hall, Thursday (09/04/2020). To implement the PSBB, the Jakarta Provincial Government has closed down all activities in the Capital City – economic, social, cultural, religious and educational. He stressed that during the PSBB implementation period, all people in Jakarta will be required to comply with all provisions.
Following Jakarta, West Java Governor Ridwan Kamil said, West Java would conduct PSBB in 5 regions, namely Bogor Regency, Bogor City, Depok City, Bekasi Regency, and Bekasi City, starting from Wednesday 15 April 2020. According to Emil, PSBB was not much different from social distancing. It’s just that the legal apparatus is given the authority to impose sanctions. “PSBB is different from before: now law enforcement is given a sanction from the mayor and regent, as to whether motorcycle taxis (ojol) are allowed or not is handed over to the mayor and regent. The factories are still open; I have instructed which ones can open and which ones should not be opened,” he said.
However, PSBB at the district level will have a different scheme considering a district has many villages. “What’s interesting about PSBB in five regions: there is a district region. This district is different, they have villages so PSBB cannot be enforced like it is in Jakarta. Bogor and Bekasi regencies decide that the PSBB is divided in half. Certain sub-districts in the red zone, PSBB will be maximal, while other zones will adjust,” he explained.
Besides, Emil said, the West Java Provincial Government will campaign for the Rice Wrap Movement. This movement is intended to help people who are not targeted by formal financial assistance from the government. “There will be public kitchens in the villages in five regions, packaged rice will be distributed. So those who are able and want to help can coordinate with their RT/RW if there are still people who have been overlooked by formal government assistance,” he said
Meanwhile related to PSBB status sanctions, Emil said, the security forces now have the authority to provide sanctions that are tailored to the policies of the mayor and regent. Even to factories that are still operating, he has given special directions. “For factories that are still open, please instruct which factories should open and which ones should be closed first. For those who are open, they are required to provide a sense of security. Factories, industry must also provide massive tests for its employees by applying social distancing and protocols. Hopefully, with cohesiveness, togetherness, and obedience, God willing, we will win against COVID-19,” Emil said.
In line with the Governors of Jakarta and West Java, the PSBB was also to be implemented in the Greater Tangerang region, which included the Tangerang Regency, Tangerang City, and South Tangerang City starting April 18, 2020. “Saturday night we stated that the PSBB in Tangerang Raya took place,” said Banten Governor Wahidin Halim at his official home in the city of Serang, Monday (4/13/2020). He said he will also conduct socialization before PSBB is implemented in the Greater Tangerang area. The socialization was carried out until the time the PSBB started during the Coronavirus emergency or COVID-19.
From the results of the coordination meeting with the regional leadership forum, the police and the armed forces, including the attorney’s office, Wahidin said the PSBB in Tangerang Raya must be more effective than the PSBB in Jakarta, because there are reports that PSBB in the area there are still people who are bunching up in crowds and not wearing masks. “And they do not do social distancing, at full stations, at full stops, and at several locations,” he said. According to him, before the implementation of the PSBB, awareness of Tangerang Raya residents had to be built. In Banten Governor Regulation, a scheme will be made whether there is a need for sanctions for those who commit violations during the PSBB, including regulations derived from the letter of the decision by Regent and Mayor.
Not only in Java: the PSBB was also officially enforced in Pekanbaru City from April 17, 2020. The Head of Public Relations of the City of Pekanbaru, Mas Irba H Sulaiman, said that the current PSBB has not stopped activities for 24 hours straight. In the PSBB implemented by the Pekanbaru City Government, there are restrictions on people not being able to move outside the house from 20.00 – 05.00 WIB.
According to him at that time, there was no activity outside the home, except in emergencies, or for workers on night duty. Even then the workers must have a permit or certificate from their place of work, that the person concerned does have a basic function. Whereas for the afternoon, the community can carry out their respective activities and must follow the health protocol. “For example, it is mandatory to wear masks and gloves. Conduct social distancing, and when using a vehicle, the passenger capacity must be 50 percent of what is available,” he explained.
There will be sanctions that strengthen the rules in Perwako regarding the applied PSBB. Irba said the sanctions imposed on those who did not heed the Perwako were Tipiring (Light Criminal Acts) based on the Perda and applicable laws. With the threat of confinement from 3 days to 3 months in prison. “We have done this PSBB in the last few weeks, with restrictions and health protocols that we provide through appeal. This PSBB agreement makes what we have done so far get a legal basis. However, if the number of cases increases, it is not impossible PSBB between these “It will be a PSBB which will be applied 24 hours a day. PSBB will be applied after Perwako gets harmonization from the Governor’s Regulation and is expected to be applied the day after tomorrow,” he said
Effective
Responding to the government’s policy to adopt a policy to implement the PSBB to break the coronavirus chain, Political Communication Observer Hendri Satrio said the PSBB policy was an effective way for Indonesians to learn from what China and Italy had done in dealing with the global coronavirus pandemic. PSBB is also good because they have considered the mistakes they have made, and counted the resources of the Indonesian people.
Hendri said PSBB in Jakarta and several other regions in Indonesia had to be applied with discipline so that the effect was quickly felt. First, the massive health campaign, said Hendri, should be able to use the joints of government. Starting from the head of the region down to the sub-district, village, then Rukun Warga (RW). The RW head must then be able to appeal and guarantee his citizens to comply with the government’s recommendations. This can only be done if the coordination within the government works well. “We also have to learn from India, where the government is not mature enough to prepare themselves specifically related to food distribution. Local and central government must be able to coordinate well so that this problem can be resolved,” he said.
Second, the quantity and quality of laboratories, according to Hendri, PSBB cannot be applied alone and become part of the government’s big strategy in handling COVID-19. However, there needs to be an increase in the number of tests and the capacity of the laboratory. Not to forget also other health facilities, including the protection of doctors and medical personnel. Third, government coordination. Maximizing coordination between the central and regional governments is also a good way to fight this global pandemic.
Meanwhile, Emrus Sihombing, Executive Director of the Emrus Corner Institute, said that the responsibility for the effectiveness of the PSBB was entirely on the shoulders of the respective regional heads. Therefore, all ASNs in all offices must carry out their duties, obligations, and functions seriously. Referring to the duties of the department and BUMD in DKI Jakarta, everything is linear with the type of fulfillment of the needs of the people of Jakarta during the PSBB. For example. The Social Service which handles economically disadvantaged residents until the Civil Service Police Unit (Satpol PP) is tasked with, among others, enforcing regional regulations.
The central government and BUMN are more national, such as law enforcement by the Police, electricity by PLN and BBM by Pertamina. “So, if there is one or several of the needs of the people of Jakarta that are related to meeting daily needs during the PSBB, then the responsible department is most responsible. Therefore, all DKI Jakarta Offices and ASNs must be on full 24-hour standby. They also have to make anticipatory steps towards various possibilities in meeting the needs of the community, “said Emrus in his press statement.
Support each other
Deddy Herlambang, Institute of Transportation Study Executive Director, assessed that the transportation sector must comply with the PSBB Regulations to accelerate the handling of COVID. According to Deddy, public transportation is also still having problems such as in Citayam and Bogor, physical distancing may be said to have failed again because of the long queues at the station, until in the end, PT KCI added KRL trips, in addition to transporting passengers.
According to him in the PSBB the rules are 50 percent maximum for the normal filling of mass transportation, the configuration of sitting and standing also is set apart, all are required to use masks. “This mistake occurred again because of the reduced travel hours, not reduced users. The right thing is to reduce the number of passengers rather than the reduced travel hours. Especially if PSBB is only permitted to carry a maximum of 50 percent of passengers, the logical consequence of the number of train trips must be twice as much, not even reduced travel hours, “Deddy said.
Meanwhile, public policy observer Agus Pambagio highlighted overlapping PSBB policies related to the transportation of people or passengers by motorcycle taxis where there are two Ministerial Regulations namely Minister of Transportation Regulation (Permenhub) Number 18 of 2020 and Minister of Health Regulation (Permenkes) Number 9 of 2020 which collide with each other. “Whereas without legal action the implementation of the PSBB is of no use because the transmission of COVID-19 can still take place through two-wheeled passenger transportation, both commercial and private. For this reason, I ask the Minister of Transportation to immediately revoke and revise the Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 18 of 2020 as soon as possible,” he concluded. (Dan)