Jakarta, IO – Jakarta’s surface temperature has increased sharply by 1.6 degrees Celsius, the warmest in 130 years, higher than the rate of increase in global and regional temperatures, said the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) extreme weather expert Siswanto.
“In general, Jakarta’s climate has changed significantly as the city grows. This change is called the urban climate, which has an impact on increasing rainfall extremes by up to 14 percent,” said Siswanto, per BRIN, Wed (5/6).
“The heavier it is, the shorter the duration. Increased morning rainfall and a shift from afternoon rain to evening, as well as an increase in the frequency and intensity of rain during the rainy season.”
He explained that one of the triggers for the urban climate is changes in the landscape, as well as the use of all properties in cities such as energy, water management and land management.
Based on Landsat satellite imaging results for Jakarta in 1972-1982, built-up areas in Jakarta are still limited and vegetation is dominant with an average temperature of 28 degrees Celsius.
In 1997, the color red or the residential area was very expansive. This was followed by a change in air temperature from the average to 28.4 degrees Celsius, an increase of around 0.4 degrees Celsius. In 2014, the development of Jakarta’s residential areas started to proliferate expansively.
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“Environmental changes are directly proportional with climate and temperature changes, like what we are seeing in Jakarta. We will continue to experience these changes, but what is certain is that changes in the landscape and environment will produce consequences, one of which is consequences for the climate,” said Siswanto.
“This expansive development will have a direct impact on global warming, including influencing the hydrological cycle, especially the characteristics of rainfall, starting from the amount, frequency, intensity, duration, type and extreme events.” (bp)