However, when Gowa-Tallo was led by Sultan Hasanudin, the kingdom suffered a defeat against the VOC led by Admiral Cornelis Janszoon Speelman on November 18, 1667. As a result, Sultan Hasanudin was forced to sign the Bongaya Agreement, one article of which required the kingdom to surrender Fort Ujung Pandang to the Dutch.
Under the Dutch, the building was renamed Fort Rotterdam. The fort become the center of colonial power in Sulawesi ever since.
Prince Diponegoro was once detained in Fort Rotterdam. He was heavily guarded and could not interact with the outside world even though the Dutch East Indies government allowed him to write during his detention.
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During his detention, he took various notes about Javanese culture including wayang, myths, history, science according to the knowledge he had at the time. He also wrote two manuscripts about the history of the Queen of the Land of Java and the Javanese Annals using the pegon script (a modified Arabic script).
His physical condition continued to deteriorate while in detainment and Prince Diponegoro finally died on Monday, January 8, 1855. He was buried in Kampung Melayu, Diponegoro Street, Makassar.